Below are some examples of the Jim Crow Laws that were in effect until 1964 (can you believe that!) After four years of bloody war and decades of social outcry (before and after the civil war) Why did the south legislate this? And why after fighting this war and making the claims that they wanted to end the abomination of slavery, did the U.S. Government let this happen? You read about this and you understand a little better why Reconstruction was such a failure. My only conclusion was that the bigotry in the north was a little more wide spread then they would like to believe. We all know it existed in the south, we all know that the northerners, while opposed to slavery generally didnt think the black man his equal. But you look at this law called Jim crow, and not much changed after the war. It tells me that the government was not all that concerned with the civil rights of the ex-slaves. ALABAMANurses. No person or corporation shall require any white female nurse to work in wards or rooms in hospitals, either public or private, in which Negro men are placed. Buses. All passenger stations in this state operated by any motor transportation company shall have separate waiting rooms or space and separate ticket windows for the white and colored races. Railroads. The conductor of each passenger train is authorized and required to assign each passenger to the car or the division of the car, when it is divided by a partition, designated for the race to which such passenger belongs. Restaurants. It shall be unlawful to conduct a restaurant or other place for the serving of food in the city, at which white and colored people are served in the same room, unless such white and colored persons are effectually separated by a solid partition extending from the floor upward to a distance of seven feet or higher, and unless a separate entrance from the street is provided for each compartment. FLORIDAIntermarriage. All marriages between a white person and a Negro, or between a white person and a person of Negro descent to the fourth generation inclusive, are hereby forever prohibited. Cohabitation. Any Negro man and white woman, or any white man and Negro woman, who are not married to each other, who shall habitually live in and occupy in the nighttime the same room shall each be punished by imprisonment not exceeding twelve (12) months, or by fine not exceeding five hundred ($500.00) dollars. Education. The schools for white children and the schools for Negro children shall be conducted separately. The following is a list of legislation and penalties dealing with racial relations in Florida, some in effect until 1967: 1865: Railroad [Statute] Negroes or mulattoes who intruded into any railroad car reserved for white persons would be found guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon conviction, sentenced to stand in the pillory for one hour, or to be whipped, not exceeding 39 stripes, or both, at the discretion of the jury." Whites faced the same penalty for entering a car reserved for persons of color.1873: Barred public accommodation segregation [Statute] Prohibited discrimination on account of race in the full and equal enjoyment of public accommodations such as inns, public transportation, theaters, schools, cemeteries and places of public amusement. Did not include private schools or cemeteries established exclusively for white or colored persons.1881: Miscegenation [Statute] Unlawful for any white person to intermarry with any Negro person. Penalty: Performing such a ceremony punishable by a fine of $1,000, "of which one-half shall be paid to the informer."1885: Education [Constitution] White and colored children shall not be taught in the same school.1885: Miscegenation [Constitution] "Forever" prohibited marriages between whites and blacks, or between a "white person and a person of Negro descent to the fourth generation inclusive."1887: Railroads [Statute] "All respectable Negro persons" to be sold first-class tickets at the same rates as white passengers and shall be provided a separate car "equally as good and provided with the same facilities for comfort as for white persons." Penalty: Conductors and railroad companies violating the provisions of the law faced a fine up to $500.1887: Education [Constitution] White and colored children prohibited from being taught in the same schools.1895: Education [Statute] Penal offense for any persons to conduct any school, any grade, either public or private where whites and blacks are instructed or boarded in the same building, or taught in the same class by the same teachers. Penalty: Between $150 and $500 fine, or imprisonment in the county jail between three and six months.1903: Miscegenation [Statute] Intermarriage with a Negro, mulatto, or any person with one-eighth Negro blood shall be punished. Penalty: Imprisonment up to ten years or a fine not more than $1,000.1905: Streetcars [Statute] Separation of races required on all streetcars. Gave Caucasian mistresses the right to have their children attended in the white section of the car by an African nurse, but withheld from an African woman the equal right to have her child attended in the African section by its Caucasian nurse.1907: Railroads [Statute] Separate waiting rooms for each race to be provided at railroad depots along with separate ticket windows. Also called for separation of the races on streetcars. Signs in plain letters to be marked "For White" and "For Colored" to be displayed. Penalties: Railroad companies that refused to comply with the provision could be fined up to $5,000.1909: Railroads [Statute] Separate accommodations required by race. Penalty: Passengers who failed to comply with law would be fined up to $500.1913: Education [Statute] Unlawful for white teachers to teach Negroes in Negro schools, and for Negro teachers to teach in white schools. Penalty: Violators subject to fines up to $500, or imprisonment up to six months.1927: Education [Statute] Criminal offense for teachers of one race to instruct pupils of the other in public schools.1927: Race classification [Statute] Defined the words "Negro" or "colored person" to include persons who have one eighth or more Negro blood.1941: Voting rights protected [Statute] Poll tax repealed.1944: Miscegenation [Statute] Illegal for whites and Negroes to live in adultery. Penalty: up to $500, or up to two years imprisonment.1945: Antidefamation [Statute] Unlawful to print, publish, distribute by any means, any publications, handbills, booklets, etc. which tends to expose any individual or any religious group to hatred, contempt, ridicule, or abuse unless the name and address of those doing so is clearly printed on the written material.1958: Education [Statute] County boards of education may adopt regulation for closing schools during emergencies. Schools to close automatically when federal troops used to prevent violence.1958: Public Carrier [Statute] Races to be segregated on public carriers.1967: Public accommodations [City Ordinance] Sarasota passed a city ordinance stating that "Whenever members of two or more?races shall?be upon any public?bathing beach within the corporate limits of the City of Sarasota, it shall be the duty of the Chief of police or other officer?in charge of the public forces of the City...with the assistance of such police forces, to clear the area involved of all members of all races present."GEORGIARestaurants. All persons licensed to conduct a restaurant, shall serve either white people exclusively or colored people exclusively and shall not sell to the two races within the same room or serve the two races anywhere under the same license. Amateur Baseball. It shall be unlawful for any amateur white baseball team to play baseball on any vacant lot or baseball diamond within two blocks of a playground devoted to the Negro race, and it shall be unlawful for any amateur colored baseball team to play baseball in any vacant lot or baseball diamond within two blocks of any playground devoted to the white race. LOUISIANAHousing. Any person...who shall rent any part of any such building to a Negro person or a Negro family when such building is already in whole or in part in occupancy by a white person or white family, or vice versa when the building is in occupancy by a Negro person or Negro family, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction thereof shall be punished by a fine of not less than twenty-five ($25.00) nor more than one hundred ($100.00) dollars or be imprisoned not less than 10, or more than 60 days, or both such fine and imprisonment in the discretion of the court. MISSISSIPPIPromotion of Equality. Any person...who shall be guilty of printing, publishing or circulating printed, typewritten or written matter urging or presenting for public acceptance or general information, arguments or suggestions in favor of social equality or of intermarriage between whites and Negroes, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and subject to fine or not exceeding five hundred (500.00) dollars or imprisonment not exceeding six (6) months or both. NORTH CAROLINATextbooks. Books shall not be interchangeable between the white and colored schools, but shall continue to be used by the race first using them. Libraries. The state librarian is directed to fit up and maintain a separate place for the use of the colored people who may come to the library for the purpose of reading books or periodicals. VIRGINIATheaters. Every person...operating...any public hall, theatre, opera house, motion picture show or any place of public entertainment or public assemblage which is attended by both white and colored persons, shall separate the white race and the colored race and shall set apart and designate...certain seats therein to be occupied by white persons and a portion thereof , or certain seats therein, to be occupied by colored persons. Railroads. The conductors or managers on all such railroads shall have power, and are hereby required, to assign to each white or colored passenger his or her respective car, coach or compartment. If the passenger fails to disclose his race, the conductor and managers, acting in good faith, shall be the sole judges of his race. WYOMINGIntermarriage. All marriages of white persons with Negroes, Mulattos, Mongolians, or Malaya hereafter contracted in the State of Wyoming are and shall be illegal and void. ?